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Agriculture
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Agriculture forms the mainstay of the population of
the district. The soil in the three natural divisions
generally fall under three types. In the highland region it is laterite.In the midland, the
soil is a red ferruginous loam of lateritic origin
with an admixture of clay and sand.
The coastal strip is sandy. Diversity of crops and
heterogeneity in cultivation are the key notes of
agriculture here.
The
eastern tract comprises of forests and hilly areas.
The forests comprise of a variety of timber with teak
and other plantations. The hilly areas are mostly
cleared and put to private cultivation; the important
crops being rubber, cashew and ginger. In the skeletal
plateau areas, cashew trees are cultivated, while
in some patches, arecanut, pepper and cocoa are grown.
In the coastal tract, paddy, coconut, arecanut, cashew,
tobacco, vegetable and tapioca are cultivated.
|
Crops
Cultivation
| Crops |
Area
Ha. |
| Paddy |
4,749 |
1.
Virippu |
2. Mundakan |
3,420 |
3.
Puncha |
217 |
| Coconut
|
56.183 |
| Arecanut
|
12,738 |
| Pepper |
7,051 |
| Cashew
|
19,962 |
| Tapioca |
1,280 |
| Tobacco |
44 |
| Rubber |
22,248 |
| Sweet
Potato |
78 |
| Vegetables |
3,126 |
| Pulses |
389 |
| Banana |
792 |
| Ginger |
129 |
| Oil
Seeds |
54 |
Land
use pattern
| |
As
per survey reports, Kasaragod district covers a geographical
area of 1,96,130 hectares. The composition of the geographical
features are as detailed below: |
| Particulars |
Area
in Hectares |
| Forest
Area |
5,625 |
| Land
put to non-agricultural use |
19,758 |
| Barren
& uncultivable |
8,562 |
| Permanent
pastures and grazing land |
-- |
| Land
under miscellaneous tree crops |
4,568 |
| Cultivable
waste |
13,308 |
| Fallow
other than current fallow |
1,319 |
| Current
fallow |
3,228 |
| Net
sown area |
1,39,765 |
| Area
sown more than once |
8,770 |
| Total
cropped area (gross) |
1,48,535 |
CPCRI
| |
The
Central Plantation Crops Research Institute (CPCRI)
is an establishment having national importance. It
was established in 1970 by the Indian Council of
Agricultural Research. Research is carried out on
various branches of Agricultural Sciences such as gardening,
soil chemistry, plant production, microbiology, plant
diseases, cattle rearing, pisci culture, etc.With headquarters
at Kudlu, five kms. north of Kasaragod, the CPCRI has
regional stations at Kayamkulam, Vittal and Kozhikode.
Its research centres are at Peechi, Palode, Hirehally,
Appangala, Mohithnagar and Kehikuchi. There are seed
farms at Kidu and Sathigode, one field station at Thrissur
and a World Coconut Germplasm Centre at Sipighat. The
objectives of the CPCRI are to serve as national forum
for improving genetic potential of plantation crops,
to conduct basic and applied research on various aspects
of these crops, to co-ordinate research works being
done by other institutions and agencies in the country,
to serve as an information centre on all matters pertaining
to these crops, to produce genetically superior planting
materials and to carry out all India co-ordinated cropping
improvement project on coconut, arecanut, spices and
cashewnut.
T
x D, Mangala arecanut, new species of cardamom, turmeric
and cashew, mixed crop and multi-crop system, etc. are
some of the contributions of the CPCRI for the development
of agriculture. The most remarkable venture is tissue
culture in coconut. Research on various diseases of
coconut, arecanut, cashew, pepper and field crops has
given better yields.
CPCRI
is one of the ICAR institute
implementing the NATP project on "Technology Assessment
and Refinement Through Institution Village Linkage"
which is having emphasis on ensuring farmer's participation
in agro-eco system analysis, identification and prioritization
of problems and deciding appropriate technological
interventions. Under the project different interventions
have been implemented in farmers in different micro
farming situations.
|
Crops |
Area
in
Hects. |
| Paddy
|
3302 |
| Tubers |
21 |
| Vegetables |
315 |
| Coconut |
25670 |
| Arecanut |
12996 |
| Cloves
and Nutmeg |
39 |
| Other
spices |
123 |
| Banana |
647 |
| Betal
leaves |
22 |
| Sugarcane
|
2
|
| Others |
1500 |
| |
Agricultural
Technology Information Centre (ATIC) is established
at CPCRI, Kasaragod to provide the required technology
information, diagnostic and advisory services and supply
of quality planting material to farmers through a single
window delivery system.
The
Krishi Vigyan Kendras functioning under CPCRI at Kasaragod
and Kayamkulam cater to the training needs of farmers
of Kasaragod and Alappuzha Districts respectively.
Farmers are immensely benefited through the vocational
training programmes, front line demonstrations and on
farm testing in the farmers' fields and other technology
transfer activities organised by the Kendras. Quality
planting materials of coconut, arecanut and cocoa are
produced and distributed to farmers from the various
centres of CPCRI. Farmers can write to CPCRI in advance
for seedlings and can procure the same in person on
intimation.
The
Institute offers project consultancies to individuals
on nominal charges on the establishment and maintenance
of gardens of coconut, arecanut and cocoa, farming systems,
pests and disease management and post harvest technology.
CPCRI
library has a collection of 50,000 documents pertaining
to palms and cocoa and subscribes to 225 journals.
All documents of the library are classified, catalogued
and indexed and the process of computerization using
library software is in progress. Library at the headquarters
and at regional stations provide documentation services
to scientists, researchers, students, farmers and personnel
from plantation crops industry.
|
live
stock population*
| Cattle |
1,92,866
|
| Buffaloes |
9,397 |
| Sheep |
88 |
| Pigs |
4,734 |
| Goats |
55,602 |
| Fowls |
8,80,187 |
| Ducks |
2,306 |
| Donkeys |
5 |
| Horses
& Ponies |
113 |
| Dogs |
71,075 |
| Mules |
15 |
| Rabbits |
1,968 |
| Other
Poultry |
1,277 |
*as
per 1996 Census.
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